For the purposes of this debate minimal consumerism refers to the practice of at least minimizing overall consumer tendencies (i.e. buying goods) and at best an attempt at abstaining from consumerism altogether.

The act of privatizing an industry or field refers to placing it under the control of private entities such as companies or corporations.

Former President Rodrigo Duterte was known for his “war on drugs” which has led to the deaths of over 12,000 Filipinos, mostly urban poor, with at least 2555 killings attributed to the Philippine National Police. Recently, he admitted that he ordered his policemen to “encourage suspected criminals to fight back” so that they could “justify the killing.”

The commercialization of Igorot Culture has been the driving force of Cordilleran tourism especially in Baguio City. Examples include profiting from Igorot-based products like allowing tourists to wear and buy traditional Igorot clothing, and the use of Igorot cultural practices as tourist attractions such as the Igorot Stone Kingdom.

The commercialization of Igorot Culture has been the driving force of Cordilleran tourism especially in Baguio City. Examples include profiting from Igorot-based products like allowing tourists to wear and buy traditional Igorot clothing, and the use of Igrot cultural practices as tourist attractions such as the Igorot Stone Kingdom.